初中英语冠词讲解与练习
1. 不定冠词的用法
歌曰:
不定冠词两变体,用a 或an 都表“一”;
可数名词首次提,何人何物不具体;
某类人、物任一个,有时还要表“每一”。
注:a, an用在单数可数名词前。读音以辅音音素开头的名词前用a ;读音以元音音素开头的词前用an 。
注:
( 1 ) 表示数量有“一”的意思,但数的概念没有one 强。
如:I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.
( 2 ) 第一次提到某人或某物,不定冠词起介绍作用。
如:Y esterday I saw an old man. He’s Tom’s father.
( 3 ) 表示某个人或事物,但不具体说明何人或何物。
如:A boy was waiting for you.
( 4) 表示人或事物的某一类。
如:Pass me an apple, please.
( 5 ) 表示“每一”的意思,相当于every 。
如:Mr. Green goes to the cinema once a week.
2. 定冠词The 的基本用法。
特指双方都熟悉, 上文已经被提及。世上无二仅独一, 序数词和最高级。
山河海岛建筑物, 姓氏复数奏乐器。少数形表人一类, 方位名词须牢记。
( 1 ) 特指某人或某物。
如:The book on the desk is mine.
( 2 ) 指双方都知道的人或事物。
如:Where are the new books,Jim ?
( 3 ) 指上文提到过的人或物。
如:There is an old woman standing there. The old woman looked worried.
( 4 ) 用在世上独一无二的事物名词前。
如:the sun, the sky, the earth, the world, etc.
( 5 ) 用在序数词和形容词最高级前。
如:The third one is carrying the fewest of all.
( 6 ) 用在山脉、江河、海洋、岛等名词前。
如:the Himalaya Mountains, the Yellow River, the Red Sea, the Taiwan Island, etc. ( 7 ) 用在某些建筑物名词前。
如:the White House, the Great Hall of the People
( 8 ) 用在姓氏复数形式之前, 表示“某某一家”或“某某夫妇”。
如:the Greens, the Blacks, etc.
( 9 ) 用在乐器名词前。
如:the piano, the violin, etc.
( 10 ) 用在少数名词化的形容词前表示一类人或事物。
如:the old, the poor, the blind, etc.
( 11 ) 用在表示方向位置的名词前。
如:in the east, on the right, in the centre, etc.
( 12 ) 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
如:the People’s Republic of China, etc.
( 13 ) 用在某些习惯用语中。
如:in the morning, by the way, look the same, etc.
3. 零冠词(不用冠词) 的基本用法
下列情况不用冠,名词之前代词限;专有名词不可数,球类学科与三餐;
复数名词表泛指,节日月份星期前;颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。
( 1 ) 名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词或不定代词等限定词。
如:The letter is in her bag.
I have some questions.
( 2 ) 专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词等不可数名词前。
如:China ,water ,music, etc.
( 3 ) 球类活动、学科名词、一日三餐前。
如:We have English and math every day.
( 4 ) 复数名词表示泛指。
如:They are workers.
( 5 ) 节日、星期、月份、季节名称前。
如:June 1 is Children ’s Day.
( 6 ) 表示颜色、语言、称呼语和官职、头衔的名词前。
如:Headmaster Li came to Class One just now.
( 7 ) 某些固定词组或习惯用语中。
如:at night, go to school, by bus, etc.
定冠不定冠 意思差千万
有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词,其意义有所不同。
如:
1)at table在吃饭; at the table在桌子旁
2)in class在上课; in the class在班级中
3)go to school去上学; go to the school到那所学校去
4)go to bed上床睡觉; go to the bed到床那边去
5)in front of在…的前面 ; in the front of在…的前部.
1. He is ______ strongest pupil in our class.
A. a B. an C. the
2. He’ll come back in ____ hour.
A. a B. an C. the
3. She has __ egg and some milk every morning.
A. a B. an C. the
4. Alice likes to go ___ shopping with her friends.
A. / B. a C. the
5. Tom is playing ___ football, and Lily is playing_____ piano.
A. /, / B. the, / C. /, the
6. ___ sun is bigger than ____ moon.
A. The, the B. /, / C. The, /
7._____ elephant is ______ useful animal.
A. An,an B. An,a C. The,an
8.His aunt will be back in _______ hour.
A. a B. an C. the
9. I have ____ important meeting to attend.
A. a B. an C. the
10. She is too tired, so she wants to have____ rest.
A. a B. an C. the
11. Foshan is a beautiful city .I’ll come here ___second time .
A. a B. the C. an
12. Mr. Wang bought ____ house. ___house is not far from the lake.
A. a, An B. the, The C. a, The
13. Would you please pass me ________sugar on the table ?
A. a B. the C. an
14.____earth we live on is bigger than _____ moon.
A. The, a B. The, the C. A, the
15. __ Blacks are going to the park this Sunday. Why don’t we go for ____walk ?
A. a, a B. The, a C. The, the
用a,an,the 填空
1. ____ useful book 2. _____ Beijing
3. _____ Class 12 Grade 3 4. have ____ lunch
5. have ____ big lunch 6. in ____ morning
7. in ____ cold morning 8. ______ Mr Li
9. _____ university 10. ______ umbrella
11. _____ hour 12. _____ engineer
13. ____ forth street 14. _____ day before yesterday
15. play _____ chess play _____ golf
16. _____ few _____ little
17. by _____ time go to ______ cinema
18. at ____ breakfast at ______home
附:1. 初中可数名词和不可数名词的修饰词
修饰可数名词:a few, few, many, some, any, a lot of, lots of.
修饰不可数名词: a little, little, much, some, any, a lot of, lots of. 都可以修饰: some, any, a lot of, lots of.
肯定句:
some
否定句, 疑问句:any
2. 助动词小提示:
1. 协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary V erb )。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb )。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如: He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。
(doesn't 是助动词,无词义;like 是主要动词,有词义)
2. 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a. 表示时态,例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已结婚。
b. 表示语态,例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句,例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗? d. 与否定副词not 合用,构成否定句,例如:
I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。 He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
初中英语冠词讲解与练习
1. 不定冠词的用法
歌曰:
不定冠词两变体,用a 或an 都表“一”;
可数名词首次提,何人何物不具体;
某类人、物任一个,有时还要表“每一”。
注:a, an用在单数可数名词前。读音以辅音音素开头的名词前用a ;读音以元音音素开头的词前用an 。
注:
( 1 ) 表示数量有“一”的意思,但数的概念没有one 强。
如:I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.
( 2 ) 第一次提到某人或某物,不定冠词起介绍作用。
如:Y esterday I saw an old man. He’s Tom’s father.
( 3 ) 表示某个人或事物,但不具体说明何人或何物。
如:A boy was waiting for you.
( 4) 表示人或事物的某一类。
如:Pass me an apple, please.
( 5 ) 表示“每一”的意思,相当于every 。
如:Mr. Green goes to the cinema once a week.
2. 定冠词The 的基本用法。
特指双方都熟悉, 上文已经被提及。世上无二仅独一, 序数词和最高级。
山河海岛建筑物, 姓氏复数奏乐器。少数形表人一类, 方位名词须牢记。
( 1 ) 特指某人或某物。
如:The book on the desk is mine.
( 2 ) 指双方都知道的人或事物。
如:Where are the new books,Jim ?
( 3 ) 指上文提到过的人或物。
如:There is an old woman standing there. The old woman looked worried.
( 4 ) 用在世上独一无二的事物名词前。
如:the sun, the sky, the earth, the world, etc.
( 5 ) 用在序数词和形容词最高级前。
如:The third one is carrying the fewest of all.
( 6 ) 用在山脉、江河、海洋、岛等名词前。
如:the Himalaya Mountains, the Yellow River, the Red Sea, the Taiwan Island, etc. ( 7 ) 用在某些建筑物名词前。
如:the White House, the Great Hall of the People
( 8 ) 用在姓氏复数形式之前, 表示“某某一家”或“某某夫妇”。
如:the Greens, the Blacks, etc.
( 9 ) 用在乐器名词前。
如:the piano, the violin, etc.
( 10 ) 用在少数名词化的形容词前表示一类人或事物。
如:the old, the poor, the blind, etc.
( 11 ) 用在表示方向位置的名词前。
如:in the east, on the right, in the centre, etc.
( 12 ) 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
如:the People’s Republic of China, etc.
( 13 ) 用在某些习惯用语中。
如:in the morning, by the way, look the same, etc.
3. 零冠词(不用冠词) 的基本用法
下列情况不用冠,名词之前代词限;专有名词不可数,球类学科与三餐;
复数名词表泛指,节日月份星期前;颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。
( 1 ) 名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词或不定代词等限定词。
如:The letter is in her bag.
I have some questions.
( 2 ) 专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词等不可数名词前。
如:China ,water ,music, etc.
( 3 ) 球类活动、学科名词、一日三餐前。
如:We have English and math every day.
( 4 ) 复数名词表示泛指。
如:They are workers.
( 5 ) 节日、星期、月份、季节名称前。
如:June 1 is Children ’s Day.
( 6 ) 表示颜色、语言、称呼语和官职、头衔的名词前。
如:Headmaster Li came to Class One just now.
( 7 ) 某些固定词组或习惯用语中。
如:at night, go to school, by bus, etc.
定冠不定冠 意思差千万
有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词,其意义有所不同。
如:
1)at table在吃饭; at the table在桌子旁
2)in class在上课; in the class在班级中
3)go to school去上学; go to the school到那所学校去
4)go to bed上床睡觉; go to the bed到床那边去
5)in front of在…的前面 ; in the front of在…的前部.
1. He is ______ strongest pupil in our class.
A. a B. an C. the
2. He’ll come back in ____ hour.
A. a B. an C. the
3. She has __ egg and some milk every morning.
A. a B. an C. the
4. Alice likes to go ___ shopping with her friends.
A. / B. a C. the
5. Tom is playing ___ football, and Lily is playing_____ piano.
A. /, / B. the, / C. /, the
6. ___ sun is bigger than ____ moon.
A. The, the B. /, / C. The, /
7._____ elephant is ______ useful animal.
A. An,an B. An,a C. The,an
8.His aunt will be back in _______ hour.
A. a B. an C. the
9. I have ____ important meeting to attend.
A. a B. an C. the
10. She is too tired, so she wants to have____ rest.
A. a B. an C. the
11. Foshan is a beautiful city .I’ll come here ___second time .
A. a B. the C. an
12. Mr. Wang bought ____ house. ___house is not far from the lake.
A. a, An B. the, The C. a, The
13. Would you please pass me ________sugar on the table ?
A. a B. the C. an
14.____earth we live on is bigger than _____ moon.
A. The, a B. The, the C. A, the
15. __ Blacks are going to the park this Sunday. Why don’t we go for ____walk ?
A. a, a B. The, a C. The, the
用a,an,the 填空
1. ____ useful book 2. _____ Beijing
3. _____ Class 12 Grade 3 4. have ____ lunch
5. have ____ big lunch 6. in ____ morning
7. in ____ cold morning 8. ______ Mr Li
9. _____ university 10. ______ umbrella
11. _____ hour 12. _____ engineer
13. ____ forth street 14. _____ day before yesterday
15. play _____ chess play _____ golf
16. _____ few _____ little
17. by _____ time go to ______ cinema
18. at ____ breakfast at ______home
附:1. 初中可数名词和不可数名词的修饰词
修饰可数名词:a few, few, many, some, any, a lot of, lots of.
修饰不可数名词: a little, little, much, some, any, a lot of, lots of. 都可以修饰: some, any, a lot of, lots of.
肯定句:
some
否定句, 疑问句:any
2. 助动词小提示:
1. 协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary V erb )。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb )。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如: He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。
(doesn't 是助动词,无词义;like 是主要动词,有词义)
2. 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a. 表示时态,例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已结婚。
b. 表示语态,例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句,例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗? d. 与否定副词not 合用,构成否定句,例如:
I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。 He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。