第二课时：名词
重点：1、名词的数 2、名词的计量 3、名词所有格
一、 名词的种类
二、 名词的数 A. 可数名词
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。表示一个人或一个事物时，用单数形式，前面一般加不定冠词a 或an 。
复数则有以下几种情况。
a. bag ______ book ______ brush ______ box ______ class ______ watch ______ rose______ baby ______ day ______ library_____ family ______ key ______ leaf_______ knife _____ shelf _______ photo_______ hero_______
总结：
规律一_______________________________ 规律二_______________________________ 规律三_______________________________ 规律四_______________________________ 规律五_______________________________
b. 元音字母变化
foot-feet mouse-mice man ____ goose ______ 单复数同形
deer-deer Chinese-Chinese ________ ___________
复合名词变复数
boyfriend —boyfriends
son-in-law ________ grown-up ______ man doctor _______ pass-by ________
其他情况
ox ______ child _____
c.
a) 只用复数形式的名词
b) 一些以-s 结尾的名词并非复数 c) 集体名词可单可复
d) 集体名词指多数人，看做复数
B. 不可数名词
不可数名词没有复数形式，但可用以下几种形式表示多少。
a. 用some, much,a little, little, a
lot of, a bit of, a plenty of 表示多少
eg. There is little ink in my pen.
We should collect some information .
b. 用“数词（或a/an, many ）+单位词+of+
不可数名词”的结构
a cup of; a piece of; a bottle of a glass of; a bag of; a pair of
练习：
1. There are some ____ and ____ in the fridge A. tomatoes; milk B. tomatos; milks C. tomatoes; milk D. tomatoes; milks 2. -What is your favorite food? -I like ____ best.
A. potato noodle B. potatoes noodle C . potato noodles D. potatoes noodles 3. -How many ___ can you see in the picture? -Two.
A.dog B. child C. sheeps D. sheep 4. Lee bought two ____ for me yesterday. A.bread B. milk C. dictionary D .watches 5.- What’s in the cupboard? - A few ___, but little____.
A . apples; coffee B.coffee; apples C. apple; coffees
D.coffees; apple
三、 名词所有格 A. ’s 所有格 a.
名词已有-s 和-es 的复数词尾
my parents’ hope
these factories’ workers 不以-s 结尾的名词复数
children ’s time Men ’s clothes
b. 用法
① 两人共有/各自所有
Eg: John and Susan’s father likes singing. Lucy ’s and Lily’s fathers didn’t come. 规律：_____________________________
② 表时间、距离、国家、自然现象 two days’ trip two hours’ walk = two-day trip = two-hour walk The city’s parks the cat’s feeling
③ 表示店铺、医院、学校、住宅 at the tailor’s (shop) at the doctor’s (office) At Tom’s (home) at Aunt Lucy’s (home)
B.of 所有格
结构为 of +名词
*少数名词是使用“to+名词” 例如answer to the question
C. 双重所有格
“名词 + of + -’s 所有格/名词性物主代词” Eg David is a friend of my father’s. I gave him two photos of mine.
These are some inventions of Edison’s.
练习：
1、-Excuse me, is the museum far from here? -No, it’s about ______.
A. 5 minutes walk B. 5 minute walk C . 5 minutes’ walk D. 5 minute’s walk 2、Tomorrow is ___. The students want to buy some flowers for their teachers..
A. Teacher Day B. Teacher’s Day C . Teachers’ Day D. the Teachers Day
3、I don’t think looking after children is just _______ work.
A.woman B. woman’s C. women D .women ’s
四、构词法
填空练习。
1. Paper making is a great _____(invent) of ancient China.
2. Many _____(tourist) come to visit Guangyuan every year.
3. The _____(win) of the photo competition was a 30-year-old man from Shanghai.
4. Now people hope to eat healthily and begin to care about the _____ (safe) of food.
5. There is a beautiful ______(paint) on the wall in each room of my house.
6. They suggested another _______(develop) program to the government.
7. The little boy wants to be an ______(science).
8. How many ___(visit) come to Jingzhou?
随堂练习
( ) 1 She was very happy. She ____ in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 _____are____for cutting things.
A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 3 They got much ___ from those new books.
A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 4 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 5 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 6 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. A ( ) 7 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk I C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks ( ) 8 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 9 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 10 John bought___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B . two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes ( ) 11 Some ___ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 12 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. Japanese D. American ( ) 13 This table is made of___. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. Glass ( ) 14 -Is the broom under ____ desk? -No, it's under____. A. the teacher's; my B. teacher's; mine C. teacher's; me D. the teacher's; mine ( ) 15 Excuse me, where is the___?
A. men's room B. mens' room C. men's rooms D. men rooms ( ) 16 The football under the bed is____.
A. Lily and Lucy B. Lily's and Lucy's C. Lily's and Lucy D. Lily and Lucy's ( ) 17 This is my____dictionary.
A. sister Mary B. sister's C. sister, Mary's D. sister's Mary's ( ) 18 He went to ___ shop to buy a shirt. A. a tailor B. the tailor C. a tailors D. the tailors' ( ) 19 In a few____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.
A. year B. years' C . year's D. years ( ) 20 It's about ___ walk from my house.
A. ten minute B. ten minutes' C. ten minute's D. ten minutes ( ) 21 Miss Smith is a friend of____.
A. Mary's mother's B. Mary's mother C. mother's of Mary D. Mary mothers ( ) 22 This is a book of ___.
A. Tom B. Tom's C. her D. him ( ) 23. The ______ of machine made us feel sick.
A. voice B. noise C. sound D. Noises ( ) 24. It’s a long ______ to Paris. It’s two thousand kilometers.
A. street B. road C. way D. end ( ) 25. Many ______ are singing over there.
A. woman B. women C. girl D. Child
( ) 26. Tom was badly hurt in the match. They carried him to the ______ as quickly as possible.
A. bank B. post office C. shop D. Hospital
( ) 27. Sam gave Ann some _______ to look after Polly while he was away.
A. picture-books B. inventions C. instructions D. Messages ( ) 28. She always wears beautiful _______.
A. clothes B. cloth C.dress D. Clothing 根据中文提示写出单词。
1. How much are the ________________(西红柿) ?
2. The Greens are going to London for their ____________(假日). 3. They are from Canada, so they are ____________(加拿大人). 4. I want to buy a _____________(字典) for my son. 5. We must do our homework ____________(仔细). 6. Are you _____________(渴) or hungry?
7. Their _____________(小刀) are all old, I want a new one 8. Is that ___________(建筑物) a hotel or a shop?
9. There are many farmers in the ___________(田地).
10. Good morning, _____________(孩子), are we all here now? 11. Today is __________(星期二), February 18th. I'm on duty. 12. . I'd like an ______________(空的) box.
13. How many ____________(动物园) are there in that city? 14. . What ____________(别的) can you see in the picture? 15. My bike isn't ___________(坏的), it's OK.
16. Put your __________(书本) away, Lily and Kate. 17. Yon can eat the cakes if you are _____________(饿) 18. Do you want any ____________(水果)?
19. I have porridge and eggs for ____________(早餐).
20. There are some _____________(块) of bread on the plate. 21. Those boys are good at ___________(游泳). 22. Don' t _________(扔) the yo - yo like that.
23. . Michael Jordan is one of the best basketball __________(选手). 24. Are the boys ____________(骑) bikes? 25. . Jim is _____________(浇) the flowers.
用所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意义完整。每空一词。
Since 1850, the temperature of ______ (Earth) surface has increased about 0.6°C. ________(scientist) predict it may warm much more by the end of this century. Who's turning up the heat? Well, it seems that we are! Some of this global ________(warm) may be natural. However, nearly all scientists now agree that most of it is due to _______(people) actions. Over the past 150 years, we've added huge _________(amount) of certain gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2) to the air. These gases can keep heat near Earth's surface, so more carbon dioxide means more heat is kept near Earth's surface. Global warming may change the weather in _____(way) that lead to more severe storms, floods and droughts.
We add carbon dioxide to the air when we burn things, especially fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are energy sources formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. Coal, oil, and natural gas are all fossil fuels. People in the United States and other countries started bunting large amounts of fossil fuels more than a century ago. The amount d fossil fuels being burned each year has been increasing worldwide.
What can we do to help? Nowadays to live a low-carbon life is quite popular in the world. Low-carbon means to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide. Saving energy and reusing are the key ______(word).
第二课时：名词
重点：1、名词的数 2、名词的计量 3、名词所有格
一、 名词的种类
二、 名词的数 A. 可数名词
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。表示一个人或一个事物时，用单数形式，前面一般加不定冠词a 或an 。
复数则有以下几种情况。
a. bag ______ book ______ brush ______ box ______ class ______ watch ______ rose______ baby ______ day ______ library_____ family ______ key ______ leaf_______ knife _____ shelf _______ photo_______ hero_______
总结：
规律一_______________________________ 规律二_______________________________ 规律三_______________________________ 规律四_______________________________ 规律五_______________________________
b. 元音字母变化
foot-feet mouse-mice man ____ goose ______ 单复数同形
deer-deer Chinese-Chinese ________ ___________
复合名词变复数
boyfriend —boyfriends
son-in-law ________ grown-up ______ man doctor _______ pass-by ________
其他情况
ox ______ child _____
c.
a) 只用复数形式的名词
b) 一些以-s 结尾的名词并非复数 c) 集体名词可单可复
d) 集体名词指多数人，看做复数
B. 不可数名词
不可数名词没有复数形式，但可用以下几种形式表示多少。
a. 用some, much,a little, little, a
lot of, a bit of, a plenty of 表示多少
eg. There is little ink in my pen.
We should collect some information .
b. 用“数词（或a/an, many ）+单位词+of+
不可数名词”的结构
a cup of; a piece of; a bottle of a glass of; a bag of; a pair of
练习：
1. There are some ____ and ____ in the fridge A. tomatoes; milk B. tomatos; milks C. tomatoes; milk D. tomatoes; milks 2. -What is your favorite food? -I like ____ best.
A. potato noodle B. potatoes noodle C . potato noodles D. potatoes noodles 3. -How many ___ can you see in the picture? -Two.
A.dog B. child C. sheeps D. sheep 4. Lee bought two ____ for me yesterday. A.bread B. milk C. dictionary D .watches 5.- What’s in the cupboard? - A few ___, but little____.
A . apples; coffee B.coffee; apples C. apple; coffees
D.coffees; apple
三、 名词所有格 A. ’s 所有格 a.
名词已有-s 和-es 的复数词尾
my parents’ hope
these factories’ workers 不以-s 结尾的名词复数
children ’s time Men ’s clothes
b. 用法
① 两人共有/各自所有
Eg: John and Susan’s father likes singing. Lucy ’s and Lily’s fathers didn’t come. 规律：_____________________________
② 表时间、距离、国家、自然现象 two days’ trip two hours’ walk = two-day trip = two-hour walk The city’s parks the cat’s feeling
③ 表示店铺、医院、学校、住宅 at the tailor’s (shop) at the doctor’s (office) At Tom’s (home) at Aunt Lucy’s (home)
B.of 所有格
结构为 of +名词
*少数名词是使用“to+名词” 例如answer to the question
C. 双重所有格
“名词 + of + -’s 所有格/名词性物主代词” Eg David is a friend of my father’s. I gave him two photos of mine.
These are some inventions of Edison’s.
练习：
1、-Excuse me, is the museum far from here? -No, it’s about ______.
A. 5 minutes walk B. 5 minute walk C . 5 minutes’ walk D. 5 minute’s walk 2、Tomorrow is ___. The students want to buy some flowers for their teachers..
A. Teacher Day B. Teacher’s Day C . Teachers’ Day D. the Teachers Day
3、I don’t think looking after children is just _______ work.
A.woman B. woman’s C. women D .women ’s
四、构词法
填空练习。
1. Paper making is a great _____(invent) of ancient China.
2. Many _____(tourist) come to visit Guangyuan every year.
3. The _____(win) of the photo competition was a 30-year-old man from Shanghai.
4. Now people hope to eat healthily and begin to care about the _____ (safe) of food.
5. There is a beautiful ______(paint) on the wall in each room of my house.
6. They suggested another _______(develop) program to the government.
7. The little boy wants to be an ______(science).
8. How many ___(visit) come to Jingzhou?
随堂练习
( ) 1 She was very happy. She ____ in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 _____are____for cutting things.
A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 3 They got much ___ from those new books.
A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 4 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 5 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 6 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. A ( ) 7 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk I C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks ( ) 8 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 9 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 10 John bought___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B . two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes ( ) 11 Some ___ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 12 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. Japanese D. American ( ) 13 This table is made of___. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. Glass ( ) 14 -Is the broom under ____ desk? -No, it's under____. A. the teacher's; my B. teacher's; mine C. teacher's; me D. the teacher's; mine ( ) 15 Excuse me, where is the___?
A. men's room B. mens' room C. men's rooms D. men rooms ( ) 16 The football under the bed is____.
A. Lily and Lucy B. Lily's and Lucy's C. Lily's and Lucy D. Lily and Lucy's ( ) 17 This is my____dictionary.
A. sister Mary B. sister's C. sister, Mary's D. sister's Mary's ( ) 18 He went to ___ shop to buy a shirt. A. a tailor B. the tailor C. a tailors D. the tailors' ( ) 19 In a few____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.
A. year B. years' C . year's D. years ( ) 20 It's about ___ walk from my house.
A. ten minute B. ten minutes' C. ten minute's D. ten minutes ( ) 21 Miss Smith is a friend of____.
A. Mary's mother's B. Mary's mother C. mother's of Mary D. Mary mothers ( ) 22 This is a book of ___.
A. Tom B. Tom's C. her D. him ( ) 23. The ______ of machine made us feel sick.
A. voice B. noise C. sound D. Noises ( ) 24. It’s a long ______ to Paris. It’s two thousand kilometers.
A. street B. road C. way D. end ( ) 25. Many ______ are singing over there.
A. woman B. women C. girl D. Child
( ) 26. Tom was badly hurt in the match. They carried him to the ______ as quickly as possible.
A. bank B. post office C. shop D. Hospital
( ) 27. Sam gave Ann some _______ to look after Polly while he was away.
A. picture-books B. inventions C. instructions D. Messages ( ) 28. She always wears beautiful _______.
A. clothes B. cloth C.dress D. Clothing 根据中文提示写出单词。
1. How much are the ________________(西红柿) ?
2. The Greens are going to London for their ____________(假日). 3. They are from Canada, so they are ____________(加拿大人). 4. I want to buy a _____________(字典) for my son. 5. We must do our homework ____________(仔细). 6. Are you _____________(渴) or hungry?
7. Their _____________(小刀) are all old, I want a new one 8. Is that ___________(建筑物) a hotel or a shop?
9. There are many farmers in the ___________(田地).
10. Good morning, _____________(孩子), are we all here now? 11. Today is __________(星期二), February 18th. I'm on duty. 12. . I'd like an ______________(空的) box.
13. How many ____________(动物园) are there in that city? 14. . What ____________(别的) can you see in the picture? 15. My bike isn't ___________(坏的), it's OK.
16. Put your __________(书本) away, Lily and Kate. 17. Yon can eat the cakes if you are _____________(饿) 18. Do you want any ____________(水果)?
19. I have porridge and eggs for ____________(早餐).
20. There are some _____________(块) of bread on the plate. 21. Those boys are good at ___________(游泳). 22. Don' t _________(扔) the yo - yo like that.
23. . Michael Jordan is one of the best basketball __________(选手). 24. Are the boys ____________(骑) bikes? 25. . Jim is _____________(浇) the flowers.
用所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意义完整。每空一词。
Since 1850, the temperature of ______ (Earth) surface has increased about 0.6°C. ________(scientist) predict it may warm much more by the end of this century. Who's turning up the heat? Well, it seems that we are! Some of this global ________(warm) may be natural. However, nearly all scientists now agree that most of it is due to _______(people) actions. Over the past 150 years, we've added huge _________(amount) of certain gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2) to the air. These gases can keep heat near Earth's surface, so more carbon dioxide means more heat is kept near Earth's surface. Global warming may change the weather in _____(way) that lead to more severe storms, floods and droughts.
We add carbon dioxide to the air when we burn things, especially fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are energy sources formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. Coal, oil, and natural gas are all fossil fuels. People in the United States and other countries started bunting large amounts of fossil fuels more than a century ago. The amount d fossil fuels being burned each year has been increasing worldwide.
What can we do to help? Nowadays to live a low-carbon life is quite popular in the world. Low-carbon means to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide. Saving energy and reusing are the key ______(word).