一． 题目1． 建立一个学生档案，内容包括学号，姓名，年龄，性别，数学，物理和英语3门功课成绩。要求实现以下功能：1) 数据输入；2) 查询某个学生的成绩；3) 按平均排列输出；4) 统计某门课各分数段人数；5) 删除某个学生记录；2． 编程实现对二位数进行加，减，乘运算，每运行一次程序做10道题，完成后给出成绩（每题10分）。二． 设计思想和模块划分1.1．先定义所需要的条件，例如，姓名，学号，性别，三门功课的成绩，平均分等。2．输入姓名，学号，性别，年龄，三门功课的成绩后，就输出相应的姓名，学号，性别，年龄，三门功课的成绩。3．打印表头；4．在求出平均分，并打印出平均分。5．在查找学生，并打印出学生的相关资料；并按照平均分的高低排列；6．在统计学生各科成绩是否》=60分，如果是就是通过，否就是没通过，最后打印出最后的结果。7．删除学生，选中删除的学生，如果确定要，那么该学生的一切记录就变为0；2．1．随机调用函数，产生两个其值为10到99的随机整数分别放在c,d中用作运算时的运算数。2．随机调用函数，产生一个值为1到3 的随机整数放入b中，用来选择不同的运算。根据b的值选择不同的运算。当b=1时，去进行c+d的运算练习；当b＝2 时，去进行c-d的运算练习；当b=3时，去进行c×d的运算练习。每完成一个算题就给出是否正确的信息。3．根据答案正确与否统计。正确时，显示’right’; 错误时，显示’wrong’。4．步骤1. 2. 3. 4. 重复10次。5．输出学生成绩。 三． 运行结果1. input the 1 student :num:03name:wfage:18sex:fmath:98phy:75eng:65input the 2 student :num:06name:scage:17sex:fmath:78phy:45eng:65input the 3 student :num:09name:ytage:17sex:mmath:69phy:75eng:50 1.readin 2.finds 3.del 4.tj 5.exit1 ----------------------------- table----------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- num name age sex math phy eng ave --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 wf 18 f 98.0 75.0 65.0 79.3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 yt 17 m 69.0 75.0 50.0 64.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 sc 17 f 78.0 45.0 65.0 62.7 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.readin 2.finds 3.del 4.tj 5.exit2into number:3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ num name age sex math phy eng ave ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 wf 18 f 98.0 75.0 65.0 79.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.readin 2.finds 3.del 4.tj 5.exit3into number:6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ num name age sex math phy eng ave ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 sc 17 f 78.0 45.0 65.0 62.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------true? y/ny1 ---------------- table-------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- num name age sex math phy eng ave ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 wf 18 f 98.0 75.0 65.0 79.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 yt 17 m 69.0 75.0 50.0 64.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 f 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.readin 2.finds 3.del 4.tj 5.exit4 1.input the math 2.input the phy 3.input the eng 1math: pass num is :3 no pass num is :02.32+82=114right!97*15=1455right!99-58=41right!76-66=10right!58+13=71right!37+49=86right!99+52=151right!49*69=5462wrong!73-38=31wrong!86+34=120right!mark is 80 四． 主要错误改正方法1.在本题的编写过程中常出现begin 和end 不配对，只要始它们的个数相同就可以了，就可以了。在程序中常出现的’unknown identifier’没有定义的错误，只要在程序前加上定义，就可以了。还有就是type mismatch’的类型不匹配，只要根据前后内容，重新定义，就可以了。2.在本题编写中，题目要求是两个两位数运算，如果写成c:=random(100)在运行过程中，就会出现一位数运算，只要把它写成c:=random(90)+10，就可以了。五． 实习小结1．第一题的程序编写比较复杂，需要较多的定义，因而在后面的程序部分，就常出现标识符重复，而导致的类型不匹配。还有就是每个部分编好后，上下不能连接，而无法调用。2．第二题较第一题简单，和书上的例题类似，所以，比较简单，但从中也出现一些不问题。以上两大题中出现的问题，要在同学的帮助下，才能完成。总的来说两题程序比较困难 六． 程序清单1.program twins;const m=3; n=3 ;typestudent=recordnum:integer;name:string[3];age:integer;sex:char;s:array[1..n] of real;math,eng,phy:real;ave:real;end;sarr=array[1..m] of student;ta=array [1..m] of student;f=string[6];varstu:sarr; ct:ta; k,d:integer;procedure readin (var stu:sarr);const wrong='0<=data<=100 ,again!';var j,i:integer; a:student;beginwriteln;writeln('input ',m,' num name sex math phy eng',' of student.');for j:=1 to m dobeginwriteln;writeln('input the ',j,' student :');with a dobeginwrite('num:'); readln(num);write('name:'); readln(name);write('age:'); readln(age);write('sex:'); readln(sex);while (sex<>'m')and(sex<>'f') dobeginwrite('sex:'); readln(sex)end;for i:=1 to n do begincase i of1:begin write('math:'); readln(s[i]);while(s[i]<0)or(s[i]>100)dobeginwriteln(wrong);write('math:'); readln(s[i]);end;end;2:begin write('phy:'); readln(s[i]);while(s[i]<0)or(s[i]>100)dobeginwriteln(wrong);write('phy:'); readln(s[i]);end;end;3:begin write('eng:'); readln(s[i]);while(s[i]<0)or(s[i]>100)dobeginwriteln(wrong);write('eng:'); readln(s[i]);end;end;end;end;stu[j]:=a;end;writeln;end;end;procedure ave (var stu:sarr);var j,i:integer; k:real;beginfor j:=1 to m dobegink:=0;with stu[j] dobeginfor i:=1 to n do k:=k+s[i];ave:=k/nend;end;end;procedure px (var stu:sarr);var tm:ta; j,i,p:integer;beginfor j:=1 to m dobeginp:=j;for i:=j+1 to m doif stu[i].ave>stu[p].ave then p:=i;tm[1]:=stu[p]; stu[p]:=stu[j]; stu[j]:=tm[1];end;end;procedure head (ct:ta);var i:integer;beginwrite(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;write('',' num':4,' ','name':9,' ','age':8,' ','sex':5,' ','math':6,' ','phy':9,' ','eng':8,' ');writeln('ave':6,' ');write(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;with ct[1] dobeginwrite('',num:7,' ',name:8,' ',age:8,' ',sex:5,' ');for i:=1 to n do write(s[i]:7,' ');write(ave:10,' ');writeln;end;write(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;end;procedure find (var stu:sarr);var n,i:integer; u:boolean;beginu:=true;while u dobeginwrite('into number:');readln(n);for i:=1 to m dobeginif stu[i].num=n then beginct[1]:=stu[i];u:=false;d:=iend;end;end;end;procedure del (var stu:sarr);var i:integer; b:char;beginhead(ct);write('true? y/n'); readln(b);if b='y' then begin write('1');with stu[d] dobeginnum:=0; name:='0'; age:=0; sex:='f';for i:=1 to n do s[i]:=0;ave:=0end;endelseend;procedure tj (var stu:sarr);var w1,q1,q2,num,j:integer;h1,h2,h3:boolean;beginh1:=false;h2:=false;h3:=false;q1:=0;q2:=0;writeln(' ':30,'1.input the math 2.input the phy 3.input the eng ');readln(w1);case w1 of1:h1:=true;2:h2:=true;3:h3:=true;end;if h1 thenbeginbeginfor j:=1 to m dowith stu[j] doif stu[j].math>=60 thenq1:=q1+1elseq2:=q2+1;writeln('math:');end;if h2 thenbeginbeginfor j:=1 to m dowith stu[j] doif stu[j].phy>=60 thenq1:=q1+1elseq2:=q2+1;writeln('phy:');end;if h3 thenbeginbeginfor j:=1 to m dowith stu[j] doif stu[j].eng>=60 thenq1:=q1+1elseq2:=q2+1;writeln('eng:');end;end;end;end;writeln(' ':5,'pass num is :',q1);writeln(' ':5,'no pass num is :',q2);end;procedure head1 (var stu:sarr);var j,i:integer;beginwriteln('---------------- table--------------':60);writeln;write(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;write('',' num':4,' ','name':9,' ','age':8,' ','sex':5,' ','math':6,' ','phy':9,' ','eng':8,' ');writeln('ave':6,' ');write(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;for j:=1 to m do beginwith stu[j] dobeginwrite('',num:7,' ',name:8,' ',age:8,' ',sex:5,' ');for i:=1 to n do write(s[i]:7:1,' ');write(ave:10:1,' ');writeln;end;write(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;end;end;beginreadin(stu);ave(stu);k:=0;while k<>5 dobeginwriteln('1.readin 2.finds 3.del 4.tj 5.exit');read(k); readln;while (k<>1)and(k<>2)and(k<>3)and(k<>4)and(k<>5) dobeginwriteln(' mistake,please again');read(k)end;case k of1: begin px(stu); head1(stu) end;2: begin find(stu); head(ct) end;3: begin find(stu); del(stu); px(stu); head1(stu) end;4: begin tj(stu); end;5: writeln('exit!');end;end;end..2.program shadow;var a,b,c,d,e:integer;right:boolean;procedure s1;beginwriteln('right!');right:=trueend;procedure s2;beginwriteln('wrong!');right:=falseend;procedure s3 (x,y:integer);var h:integer;beginwrite(x,'+',y,'=');readln(h);if h=x+y then s1else s2 end;procedure s4 (x,y:integer);var h,w:integer;beginif x<y thenbegin w:=x; x:=y; y:=wend;write(x,'-',y,'=');readln(h);if h=x-y then s1 else s2end;procedure s5 (x,y:integer);var h:integer;beginwrite(x,'*',y,'=');readln(h);if h=x*y then s1 else s2end;beginrandomize;e:=0;for a:=1 to 10 dobeginc:=random(90)+10;d:=random(90)+10;b:=random(3);case b of0:s3(c,d);1:s4(c,d);2:s5(c,d);end;if right then e:=e+10;end;writeln('mark is',e:3)end.
一． 题目1． 建立一个学生档案，内容包括学号，姓名，年龄，性别，数学，物理和英语3门功课成绩。要求实现以下功能：1) 数据输入；2) 查询某个学生的成绩；3) 按平均排列输出；4) 统计某门课各分数段人数；5) 删除某个学生记录；2． 编程实现对二位数进行加，减，乘运算，每运行一次程序做10道题，完成后给出成绩（每题10分）。二． 设计思想和模块划分1.1．先定义所需要的条件，例如，姓名，学号，性别，三门功课的成绩，平均分等。2．输入姓名，学号，性别，年龄，三门功课的成绩后，就输出相应的姓名，学号，性别，年龄，三门功课的成绩。3．打印表头；4．在求出平均分，并打印出平均分。5．在查找学生，并打印出学生的相关资料；并按照平均分的高低排列；6．在统计学生各科成绩是否》=60分，如果是就是通过，否就是没通过，最后打印出最后的结果。7．删除学生，选中删除的学生，如果确定要，那么该学生的一切记录就变为0；2．1．随机调用函数，产生两个其值为10到99的随机整数分别放在c,d中用作运算时的运算数。2．随机调用函数，产生一个值为1到3 的随机整数放入b中，用来选择不同的运算。根据b的值选择不同的运算。当b=1时，去进行c+d的运算练习；当b＝2 时，去进行c-d的运算练习；当b=3时，去进行c×d的运算练习。每完成一个算题就给出是否正确的信息。3．根据答案正确与否统计。正确时，显示’right’; 错误时，显示’wrong’。4．步骤1. 2. 3. 4. 重复10次。5．输出学生成绩。 三． 运行结果1. input the 1 student :num:03name:wfage:18sex:fmath:98phy:75eng:65input the 2 student :num:06name:scage:17sex:fmath:78phy:45eng:65input the 3 student :num:09name:ytage:17sex:mmath:69phy:75eng:50 1.readin 2.finds 3.del 4.tj 5.exit1 ----------------------------- table----------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- num name age sex math phy eng ave --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 wf 18 f 98.0 75.0 65.0 79.3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 yt 17 m 69.0 75.0 50.0 64.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 sc 17 f 78.0 45.0 65.0 62.7 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.readin 2.finds 3.del 4.tj 5.exit2into number:3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ num name age sex math phy eng ave ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 wf 18 f 98.0 75.0 65.0 79.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.readin 2.finds 3.del 4.tj 5.exit3into number:6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ num name age sex math phy eng ave ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 sc 17 f 78.0 45.0 65.0 62.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------true? y/ny1 ---------------- table-------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- num name age sex math phy eng ave ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 wf 18 f 98.0 75.0 65.0 79.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 yt 17 m 69.0 75.0 50.0 64.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 f 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.readin 2.finds 3.del 4.tj 5.exit4 1.input the math 2.input the phy 3.input the eng 1math: pass num is :3 no pass num is :02.32+82=114right!97*15=1455right!99-58=41right!76-66=10right!58+13=71right!37+49=86right!99+52=151right!49*69=5462wrong!73-38=31wrong!86+34=120right!mark is 80 四． 主要错误改正方法1.在本题的编写过程中常出现begin 和end 不配对，只要始它们的个数相同就可以了，就可以了。在程序中常出现的’unknown identifier’没有定义的错误，只要在程序前加上定义，就可以了。还有就是type mismatch’的类型不匹配，只要根据前后内容，重新定义，就可以了。2.在本题编写中，题目要求是两个两位数运算，如果写成c:=random(100)在运行过程中，就会出现一位数运算，只要把它写成c:=random(90)+10，就可以了。五． 实习小结1．第一题的程序编写比较复杂，需要较多的定义，因而在后面的程序部分，就常出现标识符重复，而导致的类型不匹配。还有就是每个部分编好后，上下不能连接，而无法调用。2．第二题较第一题简单，和书上的例题类似，所以，比较简单，但从中也出现一些不问题。以上两大题中出现的问题，要在同学的帮助下，才能完成。总的来说两题程序比较困难 六． 程序清单1.program twins;const m=3; n=3 ;typestudent=recordnum:integer;name:string[3];age:integer;sex:char;s:array[1..n] of real;math,eng,phy:real;ave:real;end;sarr=array[1..m] of student;ta=array [1..m] of student;f=string[6];varstu:sarr; ct:ta; k,d:integer;procedure readin (var stu:sarr);const wrong='0<=data<=100 ,again!';var j,i:integer; a:student;beginwriteln;writeln('input ',m,' num name sex math phy eng',' of student.');for j:=1 to m dobeginwriteln;writeln('input the ',j,' student :');with a dobeginwrite('num:'); readln(num);write('name:'); readln(name);write('age:'); readln(age);write('sex:'); readln(sex);while (sex<>'m')and(sex<>'f') dobeginwrite('sex:'); readln(sex)end;for i:=1 to n do begincase i of1:begin write('math:'); readln(s[i]);while(s[i]<0)or(s[i]>100)dobeginwriteln(wrong);write('math:'); readln(s[i]);end;end;2:begin write('phy:'); readln(s[i]);while(s[i]<0)or(s[i]>100)dobeginwriteln(wrong);write('phy:'); readln(s[i]);end;end;3:begin write('eng:'); readln(s[i]);while(s[i]<0)or(s[i]>100)dobeginwriteln(wrong);write('eng:'); readln(s[i]);end;end;end;end;stu[j]:=a;end;writeln;end;end;procedure ave (var stu:sarr);var j,i:integer; k:real;beginfor j:=1 to m dobegink:=0;with stu[j] dobeginfor i:=1 to n do k:=k+s[i];ave:=k/nend;end;end;procedure px (var stu:sarr);var tm:ta; j,i,p:integer;beginfor j:=1 to m dobeginp:=j;for i:=j+1 to m doif stu[i].ave>stu[p].ave then p:=i;tm[1]:=stu[p]; stu[p]:=stu[j]; stu[j]:=tm[1];end;end;procedure head (ct:ta);var i:integer;beginwrite(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;write('',' num':4,' ','name':9,' ','age':8,' ','sex':5,' ','math':6,' ','phy':9,' ','eng':8,' ');writeln('ave':6,' ');write(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;with ct[1] dobeginwrite('',num:7,' ',name:8,' ',age:8,' ',sex:5,' ');for i:=1 to n do write(s[i]:7,' ');write(ave:10,' ');writeln;end;write(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;end;procedure find (var stu:sarr);var n,i:integer; u:boolean;beginu:=true;while u dobeginwrite('into number:');readln(n);for i:=1 to m dobeginif stu[i].num=n then beginct[1]:=stu[i];u:=false;d:=iend;end;end;end;procedure del (var stu:sarr);var i:integer; b:char;beginhead(ct);write('true? y/n'); readln(b);if b='y' then begin write('1');with stu[d] dobeginnum:=0; name:='0'; age:=0; sex:='f';for i:=1 to n do s[i]:=0;ave:=0end;endelseend;procedure tj (var stu:sarr);var w1,q1,q2,num,j:integer;h1,h2,h3:boolean;beginh1:=false;h2:=false;h3:=false;q1:=0;q2:=0;writeln(' ':30,'1.input the math 2.input the phy 3.input the eng ');readln(w1);case w1 of1:h1:=true;2:h2:=true;3:h3:=true;end;if h1 thenbeginbeginfor j:=1 to m dowith stu[j] doif stu[j].math>=60 thenq1:=q1+1elseq2:=q2+1;writeln('math:');end;if h2 thenbeginbeginfor j:=1 to m dowith stu[j] doif stu[j].phy>=60 thenq1:=q1+1elseq2:=q2+1;writeln('phy:');end;if h3 thenbeginbeginfor j:=1 to m dowith stu[j] doif stu[j].eng>=60 thenq1:=q1+1elseq2:=q2+1;writeln('eng:');end;end;end;end;writeln(' ':5,'pass num is :',q1);writeln(' ':5,'no pass num is :',q2);end;procedure head1 (var stu:sarr);var j,i:integer;beginwriteln('---------------- table--------------':60);writeln;write(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;write('',' num':4,' ','name':9,' ','age':8,' ','sex':5,' ','math':6,' ','phy':9,' ','eng':8,' ');writeln('ave':6,' ');write(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;for j:=1 to m do beginwith stu[j] dobeginwrite('',num:7,' ',name:8,' ',age:8,' ',sex:5,' ');for i:=1 to n do write(s[i]:7:1,' ');write(ave:10:1,' ');writeln;end;write(' '); for i:=1 to 72 do write('-');writeln;end;end;beginreadin(stu);ave(stu);k:=0;while k<>5 dobeginwriteln('1.readin 2.finds 3.del 4.tj 5.exit');read(k); readln;while (k<>1)and(k<>2)and(k<>3)and(k<>4)and(k<>5) dobeginwriteln(' mistake,please again');read(k)end;case k of1: begin px(stu); head1(stu) end;2: begin find(stu); head(ct) end;3: begin find(stu); del(stu); px(stu); head1(stu) end;4: begin tj(stu); end;5: writeln('exit!');end;end;end..2.program shadow;var a,b,c,d,e:integer;right:boolean;procedure s1;beginwriteln('right!');right:=trueend;procedure s2;beginwriteln('wrong!');right:=falseend;procedure s3 (x,y:integer);var h:integer;beginwrite(x,'+',y,'=');readln(h);if h=x+y then s1else s2 end;procedure s4 (x,y:integer);var h,w:integer;beginif x<y thenbegin w:=x; x:=y; y:=wend;write(x,'-',y,'=');readln(h);if h=x-y then s1 else s2end;procedure s5 (x,y:integer);var h:integer;beginwrite(x,'*',y,'=');readln(h);if h=x*y then s1 else s2end;beginrandomize;e:=0;for a:=1 to 10 dobeginc:=random(90)+10;d:=random(90)+10;b:=random(3);case b of0:s3(c,d);1:s4(c,d);2:s5(c,d);end;if right then e:=e+10;end;writeln('mark is',e:3)end.