主语从句和表语从句
知识点
1. 名词性从句引导词的选择
选择原则“缺什么，补什么，什么不缺，用that ”
“什么不缺，用that ”的意思是：如果从句中不缺任何成分，而且句意完整时，就用that 来引导主语从句或表语从句以及其他的名词性从句。
2. whether 意为“是否”，引导的主语从句放在句首，不能用if 代替； 但当用it 作形式主语时，whether 引导的主语从句放在句中或句末，此时可换用if. It is doubtful whether there’ll be any seats left.说不上是否还有座位了。
3. that 引导主语从句时，只起连接作用，不作任何成分，没有实际意义。在句首时不可省略。What 引导主语从句时既要起连接作用，又要在从句中作主语或宾语，在任何情况下都不能省略，它具有具体意义，表示“什么，所„„的（事、物、话）”，相当于all that/ everything that. Which引导主语从句也作成分，它表示选择的意义，常译为“那个”。如： That he survived in the earthquake is a miracle. 他在地震中幸免于难，这是个奇迹。
4. 关系代词what, which, who 引导主语、表语从句时含有疑问意义，而whatever, whichever, whoever在引导名词性从句时，往往比what, which, who更强调， 不表示疑问意义。而且whatever=all that/everything that; whichever=anything that; whoever=anyone who. 另外，whatever=no matter what 时引导状语从句。如：Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.凡是值得做的事情都值得好好地做。
I 语法填空。使用正确连接词补全下列句子。
1. They lost their way in the forest and ______made matters worse was ______ night began to fall.
2. ______ drives after drinking should be punished.
3. It is said ______ Peter will have a chance to travel abroad next month.
4. ______ we fear when traveling in summer is the sudden change of weather.
5. ______ we will go camping tomorrow is up to you.
6. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter ______ it was?
7. ______ of you comes in will be given a prize.
8. ______ he didn’t come yesterday is unknown.
9. ______we will go tomorrow hasn’t been decided yet.
10. ______ will be asked to accomplish the task is still discussed.
II. 测试题
1. ---I’ll ask the teacher about the attributive clause. I’m very puzzled about it. ---That ’s just ______most of our classmates have doubt.
A. what B. why C. where D. how
2. His father got him a job in a bank but soon it became clear ______ he was not fit for that kind of work.
A. why B. what C. whether D. that
3. It even leaves the scientists in wonder ______ they should call the newly-born creature, which looks half-human and half-animal.
A. that B. why C. what D. how
4. The brave national spirits showed in the film The Flowers of war are ______deeply moved the audience.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
5. ______ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto.
A. It B. That C. Such D. What
6. ---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s party?
---Oh, that’s______.
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
7. Faced with challenges, you should believe your courage is ______ makes a difference.
A. how B. that C. which D. what
8. ______ is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
9. The reson for Tom’s failure in the exam was ______ he didn’t work hard.
A. why
B. because C. whether D. that
10. ______ is known to us all is that the old worker, for ______ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies.
A. As; whom B. What; whose C. It; whose D. What; whom
11. What is concerning us greatly is ______ the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free.
A. that B. what C. when D. which
12. What the doctors really doubt is ______my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when B. if C. whether D. what
13. The beautiful view and friendly people are ______ newcomers like the city.
A. when B. what C. where D. why
14. ______ is known to us all is that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.
A. As B. It C. That D. What
15. At the evening party the host said ______ was able to solve the riddle could get a nice present as a reward.
A. whoever B. who C. no matter who D. whomever III. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 他想要做什么还不知道。
______ he ______ ______ ______ ______still unknown.
2. 不知道明天他是否会参加那个舞会
______ ______ ______ ______ he will take part in the ball ______ ______ tomorrow.
3. 问题是我们如何帮助灾区人民重建家园
The problem ______ ______ ______ ______ people in disaster areas rebuild their hometown.
4. 他的希望是她能很快减肥。
Her wish ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ soon.
5. 很遗憾你没来参加展会。
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ you didn’t come to the party.
IV . 改错题。每句有一处错误，找出并改正。
1. Energy is that makes thing work.
2. Go and get your bag. It’s there you left it.
3. This is true that Lin Dan won a gold medal in Longon Olympic Games.
4. What moved us most was what he looked after the old man for more than twenty years.
5. He was late again made his teacher angry.
6. Your biggest fault is you think too much of yourself.
7. My doubt is if he will go out with us.
8. That’s something I ought to do.
9. Professor Zhou will come is certain.
10. That is needed for the space trip is careful preparation.
11. That is because the brothers wanted to make a bet.
12. It remains to be seen that we’ll succeed.
13. The problem was whom could do the work.
14. Who wins the first prize will be able to go abroad for further education. II. 单项选择
1. What impresses me most is ______ he appears in front of others; he wears a
sincere and charming smile.
A. which B. that C. where D. that whenever
2. ______ I saw was two women quarreling in the street.
A. What B. Whom C. Who D. That
3. ______ she couldn’t understand was ______ her son didn’t want t tell her the
truth.
A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. That; because
4. ---I had a bad headache and a high fever.
---Is that ______ you had a few days off?
A. what B. when C. why D. where
5. The reason ______many international students choose to study in the US was
______ American colleges and universities offer a better education than those in
their local areas.
A. that; because B. why; that C. that; because D. why; because
6. You are saying that everyone should be equal and this is ______ I disagree.
A. why B. where C. what D. how
7. ______ was unimportant.
A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not
B. No matter how enjoyed our dinner
C. If he enjoyed our dinner
D. What he enjoyed our dinner
8. It is reported by the United Nations ______ the world’s population has reached
the 7 billion mark.
A. as B. which C. that D. whether
9. ______ was not the way the event happened.
A. Which the press reported
C. What did the press report B. That the press reported D. What the press reported
10. ______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. No matter what
IIII.
1. ______want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever
2. From space, the earth looks blue. This is ______ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
A. why B. how C. because D. whether
3. If the government fails to take effective measures, it is probable ______ Siberian tigers could disappear from China within 10 to 20 years.
A. why B. how C. when D. that
4. ______ Jackie Chan shows to his fans is excellent martial arts and attractive personality.
A. Which
B. What C. That D. Whom
5. ---Hi, Jane. You seem to be thinner than I saw you last time.
--- Well, I’m preparing for my final examination. That’s ______I got thin.
A. when B. how C. what D. whether
6. ---He likes to try something other people have never tried before.
---Yes. That’s ______he is different from others.
A. where B. when C. how D. what
7. ______she was invited to the ball made her very happy.
A. If B. When C. That D. Because
8. It is none of your business ______ other people think about you. Believe yourself.
A. how B. what C. which D. when
9. As is known to us, knowledge is ______ can change your life.
A. that B. what C. which D. how
10. ______she teaches these children to speak English well receives attention of the parents.
A. what B. which C. where D. how
11. One advantages of playing the guitar is ______ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.
A. how B. why C. that D. when
12. As you expected, the problem troubling me at present is ______ my parents don ’t allow me to travel to the United States alone.
A. that B. whether C. how D. what
13. The place ______ bridge is supposed to be built should be ______ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where
C. at which; where B. at which; which D. which; in which
14. ---I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply.
---That was probably ______ I was seeing the doctor.
A. why B. what C. that D. when
15. I can borrow him the book, but it is uncertain ______ he will give it back on
time.
A. since B. what C. when D. whether
主语从句和表语从句
知识点
1. 名词性从句引导词的选择
选择原则“缺什么，补什么，什么不缺，用that ”
“什么不缺，用that ”的意思是：如果从句中不缺任何成分，而且句意完整时，就用that 来引导主语从句或表语从句以及其他的名词性从句。
2. whether 意为“是否”，引导的主语从句放在句首，不能用if 代替； 但当用it 作形式主语时，whether 引导的主语从句放在句中或句末，此时可换用if. It is doubtful whether there’ll be any seats left.说不上是否还有座位了。
3. that 引导主语从句时，只起连接作用，不作任何成分，没有实际意义。在句首时不可省略。What 引导主语从句时既要起连接作用，又要在从句中作主语或宾语，在任何情况下都不能省略，它具有具体意义，表示“什么，所„„的（事、物、话）”，相当于all that/ everything that. Which引导主语从句也作成分，它表示选择的意义，常译为“那个”。如： That he survived in the earthquake is a miracle. 他在地震中幸免于难，这是个奇迹。
4. 关系代词what, which, who 引导主语、表语从句时含有疑问意义，而whatever, whichever, whoever在引导名词性从句时，往往比what, which, who更强调， 不表示疑问意义。而且whatever=all that/everything that; whichever=anything that; whoever=anyone who. 另外，whatever=no matter what 时引导状语从句。如：Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.凡是值得做的事情都值得好好地做。
I 语法填空。使用正确连接词补全下列句子。
1. They lost their way in the forest and ______made matters worse was ______ night began to fall.
2. ______ drives after drinking should be punished.
3. It is said ______ Peter will have a chance to travel abroad next month.
4. ______ we fear when traveling in summer is the sudden change of weather.
5. ______ we will go camping tomorrow is up to you.
6. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter ______ it was?
7. ______ of you comes in will be given a prize.
8. ______ he didn’t come yesterday is unknown.
9. ______we will go tomorrow hasn’t been decided yet.
10. ______ will be asked to accomplish the task is still discussed.
II. 测试题
1. ---I’ll ask the teacher about the attributive clause. I’m very puzzled about it. ---That ’s just ______most of our classmates have doubt.
A. what B. why C. where D. how
2. His father got him a job in a bank but soon it became clear ______ he was not fit for that kind of work.
A. why B. what C. whether D. that
3. It even leaves the scientists in wonder ______ they should call the newly-born creature, which looks half-human and half-animal.
A. that B. why C. what D. how
4. The brave national spirits showed in the film The Flowers of war are ______deeply moved the audience.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
5. ______ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto.
A. It B. That C. Such D. What
6. ---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s party?
---Oh, that’s______.
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
7. Faced with challenges, you should believe your courage is ______ makes a difference.
A. how B. that C. which D. what
8. ______ is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
9. The reson for Tom’s failure in the exam was ______ he didn’t work hard.
A. why
B. because C. whether D. that
10. ______ is known to us all is that the old worker, for ______ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies.
A. As; whom B. What; whose C. It; whose D. What; whom
11. What is concerning us greatly is ______ the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free.
A. that B. what C. when D. which
12. What the doctors really doubt is ______my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when B. if C. whether D. what
13. The beautiful view and friendly people are ______ newcomers like the city.
A. when B. what C. where D. why
14. ______ is known to us all is that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.
A. As B. It C. That D. What
15. At the evening party the host said ______ was able to solve the riddle could get a nice present as a reward.
A. whoever B. who C. no matter who D. whomever III. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 他想要做什么还不知道。
______ he ______ ______ ______ ______still unknown.
2. 不知道明天他是否会参加那个舞会
______ ______ ______ ______ he will take part in the ball ______ ______ tomorrow.
3. 问题是我们如何帮助灾区人民重建家园
The problem ______ ______ ______ ______ people in disaster areas rebuild their hometown.
4. 他的希望是她能很快减肥。
Her wish ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ soon.
5. 很遗憾你没来参加展会。
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ you didn’t come to the party.
IV . 改错题。每句有一处错误，找出并改正。
1. Energy is that makes thing work.
2. Go and get your bag. It’s there you left it.
3. This is true that Lin Dan won a gold medal in Longon Olympic Games.
4. What moved us most was what he looked after the old man for more than twenty years.
5. He was late again made his teacher angry.
6. Your biggest fault is you think too much of yourself.
7. My doubt is if he will go out with us.
8. That’s something I ought to do.
9. Professor Zhou will come is certain.
10. That is needed for the space trip is careful preparation.
11. That is because the brothers wanted to make a bet.
12. It remains to be seen that we’ll succeed.
13. The problem was whom could do the work.
14. Who wins the first prize will be able to go abroad for further education. II. 单项选择
1. What impresses me most is ______ he appears in front of others; he wears a
sincere and charming smile.
A. which B. that C. where D. that whenever
2. ______ I saw was two women quarreling in the street.
A. What B. Whom C. Who D. That
3. ______ she couldn’t understand was ______ her son didn’t want t tell her the
truth.
A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. That; because
4. ---I had a bad headache and a high fever.
---Is that ______ you had a few days off?
A. what B. when C. why D. where
5. The reason ______many international students choose to study in the US was
______ American colleges and universities offer a better education than those in
their local areas.
A. that; because B. why; that C. that; because D. why; because
6. You are saying that everyone should be equal and this is ______ I disagree.
A. why B. where C. what D. how
7. ______ was unimportant.
A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not
B. No matter how enjoyed our dinner
C. If he enjoyed our dinner
D. What he enjoyed our dinner
8. It is reported by the United Nations ______ the world’s population has reached
the 7 billion mark.
A. as B. which C. that D. whether
9. ______ was not the way the event happened.
A. Which the press reported
C. What did the press report B. That the press reported D. What the press reported
10. ______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. No matter what
IIII.
1. ______want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.
A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever
2. From space, the earth looks blue. This is ______ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
A. why B. how C. because D. whether
3. If the government fails to take effective measures, it is probable ______ Siberian tigers could disappear from China within 10 to 20 years.
A. why B. how C. when D. that
4. ______ Jackie Chan shows to his fans is excellent martial arts and attractive personality.
A. Which
B. What C. That D. Whom
5. ---Hi, Jane. You seem to be thinner than I saw you last time.
--- Well, I’m preparing for my final examination. That’s ______I got thin.
A. when B. how C. what D. whether
6. ---He likes to try something other people have never tried before.
---Yes. That’s ______he is different from others.
A. where B. when C. how D. what
7. ______she was invited to the ball made her very happy.
A. If B. When C. That D. Because
8. It is none of your business ______ other people think about you. Believe yourself.
A. how B. what C. which D. when
9. As is known to us, knowledge is ______ can change your life.
A. that B. what C. which D. how
10. ______she teaches these children to speak English well receives attention of the parents.
A. what B. which C. where D. how
11. One advantages of playing the guitar is ______ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.
A. how B. why C. that D. when
12. As you expected, the problem troubling me at present is ______ my parents don ’t allow me to travel to the United States alone.
A. that B. whether C. how D. what
13. The place ______ bridge is supposed to be built should be ______ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where
C. at which; where B. at which; which D. which; in which
14. ---I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply.
---That was probably ______ I was seeing the doctor.
A. why B. what C. that D. when
15. I can borrow him the book, but it is uncertain ______ he will give it back on
time.
A. since B. what C. when D. whether